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<th colspan="3" align="center">LPRng Reference Manual: 24
Sep 2004 (For LPRng-3.8.28)</th>
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<h1 class="SECT1"><a name="AEN291">1.10. References and
Standards</a></h1>
<p>The following references and standards have been used in
the development of the <b class="APPLICATION">LPRng</b>
software.</p>
<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a name="AEN295">1.10.1. RFCs</a></h2>
<p>During the early development of the Internet developers
did not want to go through the laborious process of
developing formal standards and applying to a standards
body such as the EIA, IEEE, or ISO. Instead, they called
the standards documents they developed [<span class=
"CITATION">Requests for Comments</span>]. These soon became
<span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">de
facto</i></span> standards, and with the formal acceptance
of the TCP/IP protocol as a network standard, <span class=
"emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">de jure</i></span> as
well.</p>
<p>You can get copies of the RFCs from literally hundreds
of network sites, including <a href="http://www.isi.edu"
target="_top">http://www.isi.edu</a>, <a href=
"http://www.faqs.org/rfcs" target=
"_top">http://www.faqs.org/rfcs</a>, <a href=
"ftp://NIS.NSF.NET" target="_top">NIS.NSF.NET</a>, <a href=
"ftp://RFC.JVNC.NET" target="_top">RFC.JVNC.NET</a>, or <a
href="ftp://FTP.ISI.EDU" target="_top">FTP.ISI.EDU</a>.</p>
<p>The [<span class="CITATION">RFC1179 - Line Printer
Daemon Protocol</span>] describes the protocol used to
transfer jobs from client program to print server. See <a
href="rfc1179ref.htm">RFC1179</a> for more a discussion of
this protocol and more details about the RFC. The <a href=
"rfc1179.txt" target="_top">rfc1179.txt</a> file is
included in the <b class="APPLICATION">LPRng</b>
distribution documentation.</p>
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<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a name="POSTSCRIPT">1.10.2.
PostScript</a></h2>
<p>PostScript is one of the <span class="emphasis"><i
class="EMPHASIS">de facto</i></span> standards for print
jobs. The Adobe Corporation (<a href="http://www.adobe.com"
target="_top">http://www.adobe.com</a>) provides an
excellent set of references for the PostScript language.
They have made many of these available for downloading from
their web sites or have published them in book form.</p>
<p>The [<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language
Reference Manual</span>] contains a great deal of technical
information about the PostScript Language, and is the
language reference manual.</p>
<p>The [<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language Tutorial
and Cookbook</span>] is a very nice and easy to read
introduction to PostScript programming, and has some very
useful utilities. Combined with <a href=
"installation.htm#GHOSTSCRIPT">GhostScript</a> and the <a
href="installation.htm#GV">gv</a> display program you can
very easily learn to write your own small PostScript
programs, and more importantly, can learn to understand the
contents of PostScript files.</p>
<p>The [<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language Program
Design</span>] is the companion to the [<span class=
"CITATION">PostScript Language Tutorial and
Cookbook</span>], and has more complex examples of
PostScript programs. More importantly, it also introduces,
although without explanation, the PostScript Document
Structuring Conventions described in Appendix G of the The
[<span class="CITATION">PostScript Language Reference
Manual</span>]. This alone makes it useful.</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a name="PCL">1.10.3. HP PCL 5</a></h2>
<p>The Hewlett-Packard (HP) PCL Printer Language is the
second de-facto standard for print jobs. Currently,
Hewlett-Packard makes documentation for PCL available
through their [<span class="CITATION">Developer
Program</span>]. You will need to register and then search
their site for the [<span class="CITATION">PCL 5 Printer
Language Reference Manual</span>].</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a name="PJL">1.10.4. HP PJL</a></h2>
<p>The Hewlett-Packard (HP) Printer Job Language is used to
control various features of HP printers. The [<span class=
"CITATION">Printer Job Language Reference Manual</span>] is
also available from Hewlett-Packard (<a href=
"http://www.hp.com" target="_top">http://www.hp.com</a>)
through their [<span class="CITATION">Developer
Program</span>].</p>
</div>
<div class="SECT2">
<h2 class="SECT2"><a name="AEN338">1.10.5. PDF</a></h2>
<p>The Portable Document Format (<var class=
"LITERAL">pdf</var>) was developed by Adobe to be a more
useful method of distributing documentation for view by
online systems and software. The [<span class=
"CITATION">Portable Document Format Reference
Manual</span>] is available from Adobe (<a href=
"http://www.adobe.com" target=
"_top">http://www.adobe.com</a>). While <var class=
"LITERAL">pdf</var> is not used directly as a print job
language, it is one of the more common formats for files
that need to be printed. It can be converted to PostScript
by most <var class="LITERAL">pdf</var> viewers such as
GhostScript and Adobe Acrobat.</p>
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