************************************************************ * CASCADE ANALYSIS * * Version 1.4 * * (c) 1997-2001 Dan McMahill * * mcmahill@alum.mit.edu * ************************************************************ Processing input file "examples/ex1.cas" @ An example input file for the program cascade ************************************************************ * Input Source * ************************************************************ Source Resistance = 50 Ohms Input Carrier Level = -40 dBm Input Noise Density = -125 dBm/Hz Input C/N = 25 dB Receiver Noise BW = 1 MHz Input C/No = 85 dB/Hz ************************************************************ * Stage #1 "rf_filter" * ************************************************************ Power Gain= -1.50 dB, Voltage Gain= -1.50 dB NF= 1.50 dB Input Res. = 50 Ohms, Output Res. = 50 Ohms No Distortion In this Stage Total Power Gain = -1.50 dB Total Voltage Gain = -1.50 dB Total Noise Figure = 1.50 dB Noise Figure from this stage only = 1.50 dB C/N = 25.00 dB C/No = 85.00 dB C/N Degradation = 0.000 dB C/N Degradation from this stage only = 0.000 dB Output Carrier Level = -41.50 dBm = 5.49 dBmV Output Open Circuit Voltage = 11.51 dBmV ************************************************************ * Stage #2 "lna" * ************************************************************ Power Gain= 10.00 dB, Voltage Gain= 10.00 dB NF= 2.30 dB Input Res. = 50 Ohms, Output Res. = 50 Ohms IIP3= 0.00 dBm ( 46.99 dBmV), RHO= 0.00 Total Power Gain = 8.50 dB Total Voltage Gain = 8.50 dB Total Noise Figure = 3.80 dB Noise Figure from this stage only = 2.98 dB C/N = 25.00 dB C/No = 85.00 dB C/N Degradation = 0.000 dB C/N Degradation from this stage only = 0.000 dB IIP3 = 1.50 dBm IIP3 from this stage only = 1.50 dBm Output Carrier Level = -31.50 dBm = 15.49 dBmV Output Open Circuit Voltage = 21.51 dBmV Third Order Intermod Level = -83.00 dBc ************************************************************ * Stage #3 "first_mixer" * ************************************************************ Power Gain= -7.00 dB, Voltage Gain= -7.00 dB NF= 7.00 dB Input Res. = 50 Ohms, Output Res. = 50 Ohms IIP3= 20.00 dBm ( 66.99 dBmV), RHO= 0.00 Total Power Gain = 1.50 dB Total Voltage Gain = 1.50 dB Total Noise Figure = 4.72 dB Noise Figure from this stage only = 1.95 dB C/N = 25.00 dB C/No = 85.00 dB C/N Degradation = 0.000 dB C/N Degradation from this stage only = 0.000 dB IIP3 = 1.48 dBm IIP3 from this stage only = 11.50 dBm Output Carrier Level = -38.50 dBm = 8.49 dBmV Output Open Circuit Voltage = 14.51 dBmV Third Order Intermod Level = -82.96 dBc ************************************************************ * Stage #4 "if_amp_1" * ************************************************************ Power Gain= 8.00 dB, Voltage Gain= 8.00 dB NF= 5.00 dB Input Res. = 50 Ohms, Output Res. = 50 Ohms IIP3= 12.00 dBm ( 58.99 dBmV), RHO= 0.00 Total Power Gain = 9.50 dB Total Voltage Gain = 9.50 dB Total Noise Figure = 6.53 dB Noise Figure from this stage only = 4.03 dB C/N = 25.00 dB C/No = 85.00 dB C/N Degradation = 0.000 dB C/N Degradation from this stage only = 0.000 dB IIP3 = 1.44 dBm IIP3 from this stage only = 10.50 dBm Output Carrier Level = -30.50 dBm = 16.49 dBmV Output Open Circuit Voltage = 22.51 dBmV Third Order Intermod Level = -82.89 dBc ************************************************************ * Stage #5 "transformer" * ************************************************************ Power Gain= 0.00 dB, Voltage Gain= 6.02 dB NF= 0.00 dB Input Res. = 50 Ohms, Output Res. = 200 Ohms No Distortion In this Stage Total Power Gain = 9.50 dB Total Voltage Gain = 15.52 dB Total Noise Figure = 6.53 dB Noise Figure from this stage only = 0.00 dB C/N = 25.00 dB C/No = 85.00 dB C/N Degradation = 0.000 dB C/N Degradation from this stage only = 0.000 dB IIP3 = 1.44 dBm Output Carrier Level = -30.50 dBm = 16.49 dBmV Output Open Circuit Voltage = 22.51 dBmV Third Order Intermod Level = -82.89 dBc ************************************************************ ****** ANALYSIS OF THE 5 ELEMENT CASCADE IS COMPLETE ****** ************************************************************ ************************************************************ * Noise Figure Contribution Summary * ************************************************************ Stage Noise Figure Possible Noise Figure in the system Improvement --------------- ---------------- ---------------------- if_amp_1 4.033 dB 1.808 dB lna 2.980 dB 1.075 dB first_mixer 1.950 dB 0.585 dB rf_filter 1.500 dB 0.418 dB transformer 0.000 dB 0.000 dB ************************************************************ * IIP3 Contribution Summary * ************************************************************ Stage IIP3 in the system --------------- -------------------- lna 1.500 dBm if_amp_1 10.500 dBm first_mixer 11.500 dBm ************************************************************ * CASCADE ANALYSIS COMPLETE * ************************************************************